Mall Of America Essays (250 words) - The Mall Luton, Mall Of America

Shopping center Of America David Gutersons story about the Mall of America digs into a few features that are implanted all through the shopping center both truly and intellectually. A distinctive portrayal about the shopping centers inside structure causes the crowd to feel like they have visited the shopping center. Guterson additionally expounds on how individuals, exclusively and as a general public, are affected mentally by this pseudo-city. The glory of the shopping center is, undoubtedly, best in class. Customers are attracted to visit due to all the cutting edge ruffles contained inside. An amusement park, arcade, several shops, and diners are the staples of the shopping center, yet the nurseries, blossoms, and trees characterize the shopping center just like the most elite. The environment made by consolidating Mother Earth with twentieth century innovation makes a specific persona to the shopping center and gives the customer an entirely agreeable spot to go through the day or possibly days. In evident American nature, record measures of cash were spent on building the shopping center, and a few laborers utilized by the shopping center are or were come up short on. In any case, Americans hunger for a spot they can go to escape from their ordinary issues. Our temperament is to be materialistic on occasion, and I truly don't see a significant issue with entertaining ourselves from time to time, however I discover an issue when material things are utilized to decide achievement, force, and self-esteem. The Mall of America genuinely speaks to America as a general public yet not as people. Human science

Relationship Between Total Quality Management And Business Performance Management Essay

Connection Between Total Quality Management And Business Performance Management Essay For a long time, it has been talked about that Total Quality Management improves the presentation of business associations. In most recent examinations, Total Quality Management built up generous notification and has additionally been proposed to expand the business execution. This exploration has been completed to discover the connection between Total Quality Management and business execution. This exploration examines experimentally the extent of Total Quality Management and business execution just as how much them two are connected. This investigation will likewise empower to convey how Total Quality Management effects on a few degrees of business execution. Associations are making due in troublesome circumstances with the exception of they make the total serious lead over their challengers and this is the consequence of such serious condition which is taken out from progression and globalization (Adam et al., 2001; Samson Terziovski, 1999). By methods for rising serious condition with business pressures just as oneself roused confirmed client situated condition, Total Quality Management is viewed as a generally objective and key issue which may make an extensive enthusiasm of directors and scientists towards it (Ahire et al. 1995; Benson et al. 1991; Flynn et al., 1995; Powell, 1995; Sousa and Voss, 2002). In 1980s, thinking about Total Quality Management as one of the effective method of improving the serious leads of any firm or association (Keiu et al, 2001). It is likewise announced by the essential starts of value working around there, for instance Deming (1986) and Juran (1993) that serious lead might be gotten through the arrangement of value merchandise or administrations. Also, presently days worldwide commercial center requests high caliber as a basic serious lead is considered by holding quality in such serious worldwide condition and commercial center (Eng Yusof, 2003). Furthermore, Total Quality Management is estimated as a useful administration gear which is utilized to give organizations by methods for improvement, security and thriving (Issac et al, 2004). The principle favorable circumstances of value advancement may not exclusively be an indication of reducing costs yet in addition to expand business benefit proportion. As indicated by Freiesleben (2005), it is underlined on amplify the benefits and income age regarding diminishing expenses just as improving quality however it ought to be affected on quality and prevalence over create benefit. Consequently, this exploration on connection between quality administration and authoritative execution is basically evaluated for organizations just as to show signs of improvement understanding the impacts of value the executives on different divergent degrees of firms business exhibitions. In order to accomplish the whole prerequisites of value, business associations must need to invest energy notwithstanding the endeavors to execute Total Quality Management. Associations will initiate genuine quality administration rehearses however conveying Total Quality Management rule or reasoning effectively. Furthermore Total Quality Management and its applications may be actualized so as to improve the relationship among associations and their providers. Moreover, the execution of Total Quality Management may likewise improve consumer loyalty by methods for giving most great products or administrations. By the stand spoint of CEO of Intel about quality that is shown at Intels site and that is quality is considered as top six companys key qualities actually. Furthermore, Intel is resolved for persuading the universes top class quality by embracing or set up one of its quality frameworks as a regular occurrence. As indicated by Otellini (2006), with this exertion, Intel is committing itself to hold the prevalent quality, best expectations and circulate merchandise which satisfy the predefined goals of Intel. Going before considers (for instance AlKhafaji et al, 1998; Mandal et al, 1999) expressed that way of thinking of Total Quality Management is appropriate for any association, firm or organization that includes administration, assembling or data related associations. Take the case of Taiwan and the develop development of data innovation organizations in Taiwan that has set it up conceivable planned for balanced out overall economy (Einhom et al, 2005). It has end up being significant to consider how Total Quality Management may be impacted on business execution, in order to make the data related business in Taiwan progressively serious and prospering. Points and targets Resulting study is to discover the relationship between Total Quality Management and business exhibitions of associations. In view of this investigation, fundamental point of this exploration is to check how Total Quality Management and business execution are interlinked and how various elevations business exhibitions are impacted by Total Quality Management. The key destinations of this examination are To comprehend the idea of all out quality administration To research the all out quality administration models and speculations from existing writing To consider the absolute quality administration approaches applied in Tesco To decide the impacts of TQM execution on the presentation of Tesco To investigate the difficulties in the execution of TQM rehearses at Tesco Research Question What are the impacts of winning achievement of Total Quality Management on the presentation of Tesco? Writing Review Points of interest of Total Quality Management and its successful usage might be concentrated alongside three disparate edges. On the top, Total Quality Management practice is one of the emanant and hot subjects initiating the operational methodology, and it might be utilized to apply upgraded execution and overall intensity for both scholarly world and business industry (Flynn et al, 1995; Samson Terziovski, 1999). The association which applied effective execution of Total Quality Management practices might have the option to accomplish inside points of interest for instance quality upgrade, improved profitability, or capturing improved working salary (Corbett et al, 2005; Hendricks Singhal, 1997). As per Corbett et al, (2005) the subsequent explanation is from budgetary execution approach, cautious plan or execution of trustworthy, solid and perceived Quality Management frameworks that can increase the value of high class execution of organizations significantly. In addition, finally b utilizing the methodology of information the executives (KM), Total Quality Management practices and its usage may likewise empower to improve and amplify authoritative information that goes to encourage valuable thought of how Quality Management practices can impact on hierarchical exhibitions (Linderman et al, 2004). Both of the board methods of reasoning have different similitudes when Total Quality Management and information Management. As indicated by Hsu Shen, (2005) Total Quality Management and information Management can commend each other if there should arise an occurrence of arranging them two appropriately. Most recent investigates have had the option to establish the relationship between Total Quality administration rehearses and a few degrees of business execution (Das et al, 2000; Kaynak, 2003; Mohrman et al, 1995). Anyway a few going before inquires about have been come about and hold up the positive impacts of Total Quality Management on firms business execution (Hendricks Singhal, 1997; Kaynak, 2003; Madu et al, 1995; Sun 2000; Samson Terziovski, 1999). As per Choi Eboch, (1998) distinct specialists have made their inquires about to establish the execution of Total Quality Management that may accompany to the awkwardness of authoritative exhibition. The reason to which results of these explores have divergent in all probability came about because of the personality of research plan for instance using Total Quality Management rehearses or authoritative business exhibitions as an individual element. Through this examination, the specialist will researches the connection between significant seven traits of Total Quality Management and a few degrees of hierarchical execution just as how every one of Total Quality Management property effects on other characteristic and by the writing these properties are Client centers The executives authority Structure Management Procedure Management Information quality and Reporting Providers Management Human asset Management These are the fundamental builds on which this investigation is based. Speculations Development Relied upon the results of hypothetical structure of this exploration, the seven above talked about components are finished up to be the most driving quality proposed for a solid execution of Total Quality Management. These seven properties are focal point of the client, the board initiative, human asset the executives, provider the executives, information quality and announcing, structure the board, and procedure the executives too (Flynn et al, 1994; Samson Terziovski, 1999; Sousa voss, 2002; Kaynak, 2003). As per Samson Terziovski, (1999) for the execution of Total Quality Management rehearses client center is the preparation hypothesis for any association. Since complete execution of Total Quality Management rehearses are profoundly impacted and approved by top administration. Subsequently gave commitments from senior managemt in regards to the culmination of Total Quality Management rehearses are without a doubt a need. Subsequently this examination right off the bat proposed speculation that is Speculation One Customer Focus is completely associated to the Management Leadership. Speculation Two Management Leadership is totally associated to Human Resource Management, Supplier Management and Design Management. Speculation Three Human Resource Management is completely connected with Data quality Reporting. Speculation Four Quality Data announcing is completely related with Suppliers the executives, plan Management just as Process Management. Speculation Five Suppliers Management is straightforwardly and emphatically associ

Public investments in Austria, Australia and New Zeland

Public investments in Austria, Australia and New Zeland Private and Public Partnership Nov 15, 2018 in Coursework About a Private and Public Partnership A private and public partnership (PPP) is a private business or a government project which is financed and managed by a partnership of one or more private entities and the government. PPP incorporates a private entity and a public entity authority in which private entity offers projects or services to the public and presumes substantial financial, operational, and technical risks of the project. In other different types of PPP, the expenses of partaking the project is exclusively borne by the users of the service and not the general public. However, in other types, the capital investment expenses are met by the private entities on the contract basis with the government to offer accepted services and the expenses of offering the service are partially or wholly borne by the government. The contributions of the government to the PPP are mostly made in form of transfer of existing assets. However, for projects that are focused on developing public goods such as the sector of infrastructu re, the government may offer a capital contribution in form of an instant grant with the aim of making the project to be much attractive to the private entrepreneurs (Barlow, Roehrich, and Wright, 2010). In some other cases, though rare, the government can uphold the project through offering subsidies on revenue such as tax breaks or through elimination of the guaranteed annual revenues for a specified period of time.

Mastering Computer Skills - 773 Words

Mastering Computer Skills What is the one skill that everybody uses but only a few have mastered? Give up, its computer skills. We all need computer skills because technology is changing everyday. I chose this skill because everything is based around computers these days, and mastering this skill can open many doors of opportunity for anyone. I think that computer skills are one of the most important skills one can have today. What if you get a job that may require you to upload and transfer information quickly by using different programs? Computers are wonderful things these days they can store tons of information and all kinds of important documents. Take a couple of minutes to look around, and see how many things are†¦show more content†¦Our world is changing quickly we cant predict what things will be like in a few years but one thing we can be absolutely sure of is everything we do in our life will be connected somehow to computers and the internet. People will need computer skills just to surv ive, never mind any job we may be doing. If youre planning on attending college, it is an essential skill. Technology is changing the world and computers are here to stay, we might as well get ready to sharpen up on our computer skills. The future is now, and dont get leftShow MoreRelatedMastery748 Words   |  3 Pageskey terms and concepts anyone must know to truly master any skill. The book gives us four different types of students, each different in there learning method and in their achieved skill level. It also gives us the five steps to mastering any skill. The four different types of learners, the dabbler, the obsessive, the hacker, and the master. Each learner has their own techniques of learning the same skills. The dabbler learns one skill or technique very quickly but then gives up and moves on toRead MoreHow Technology Has Influenced The Music Industry912 Words   |  4 Pagesmusical processing. 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Finally, how to submit contributions to the paper. Level One Cognitive Strategy Malcolm Knowles invented the theory of adult learning, which is a theory of different types of learning for adults. (Mastering Subjects, n.d.) Cognitive Strategies, or theories, stress the mental organization of information. (Shuell, 1986.) Depending on the type of learner you are, will dictate which cognitive strategies you should use to learn new information. BasedRead MoreEffects of Gadgets on Students672 Words   |  3 Pagesfound children as young as two years old are playing with an electronic devices and gadgets anywhere. That is not only the video games that make the children stay, it is also includes television, mobile phones and smart phone application, computers, tablet computers, PSP games and etc. Children tend to be active consumers, many electronic products and gadgets’ commercial have been targeted to young children market. 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One skill that I learned while watching the Lynda.com videos was creating functions in tables to help calculate averages, sums, products, etc. Learning how to use mathematic functions through Microsoft Word can not only be helpful but in many cases essential for an accountant to learn. An example of when this skill would be helpful is when I would need to prepare financial data into a word document for a financial report. If I mastered this skill I would be able to input financialRead MoreA Free And Appropriate Education Is The Right Of All Children901 Words   |  4 PagesA free and appropriate education is the right of all children in this country. The purpose of education is to provide students with the skills that they need to become productive members in society. Classrooms today are more diverse than ever, they are multi- cultural, multi- lingual, and multi- ethnic. In addition, students come into schools with different ability levels and make progress through the curriculu m differently. School personnel must set goals standards and expectations for the performanceRead MoreValues Literacy And Its Impact On Our Society1161 Words   |  5 Pagesbecoming less of an option and is at the very least accompanied by insurmountable social stigma. In order to survive in a culture that values literacy and is so tied to language, the mastery of reading skills is essential. This puts those with learning disabilities, and any others unable to master the skill of reading at an immediate disadvantage because reading has several very important purposes. First, it helps us reach higher levels of understanding and creativity, mainly through participation in

Their Eyes Were Watching God Quiz Check Your Knowledge

Pride Virtue or Vice Free Essays

According to Richard Taylor, â€Å"Pride is not a matter of manners or demeanor. One does not become proud simply by affecting certain behavior or projecting an impression that has been formed in the mind. It is a personal excellence much deeper than this. We will write a custom essay sample on Pride: Virtue or Vice or any similar topic only for you Order Now In fact, it is the summation of most of the other virtues, since it presupposes them. † Philosophers and social psychologists have noted that pride is a complex emotion. However, while some philosophers such as  Aristotle consider pride to be a profound virtue, others  consider it a  sin. The view of pride as a sin has permeated Christian theology dating back to Christian monasticism. However, it wasn’t until the late 6th century that pride was elevated in its ranks among the seven deadly or cardinal sins. The Bible, especially the Old Testament, has plenty to say about pride. In the book of Proverbs for example we read, â€Å"Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall. (16:18). Again in Proverbs 21:4, Scripture says, â€Å"Haughty eyes and a proud heart—the lamp of the wicked—are sin. Augustine makes the argument that pride is not just a sin but it is the root of all sin. He often used the following passage to support his claim: â€Å"The beginning of pride is when one departs from God, and his heart is turned away from his Maker. For pride is the beginning of sin, and he that has it shall pour out abomination (Sirach 10:12-13). † This paper seeks to examine Augustine’s ethics on pride and how he supports it in his Confessions. Augustine considered pride to be the fundamental sin, the sin from which all other sins are born. Augustine believed the devil’s sin was rooted in pride. In his Enchiridion on Faith, Hope, and Love, he states that, â€Å"Some of the angels†¦in their pride and impiety rebelled against God, and were cast down from their heavenly abode,† and that the devil â€Å"was with his associates in crime exalted in pride, and by that exaltation was with them cast down. † Pride has a certain fascination, attraction and influence over everything, and it corrupts everything, even what is in itself good. No one can escape the pressure of its temptations, including Augustine himself. In his  Confessions, Augustine identifies pride in his own life. For example, during his adolescent years when he was searching for wisdom, Augustine refused to approach Scripture because the Latin version that was available to him seemed too basic and unpolished. It certainly did not compare to the scholarly works of Cicero that he was reading. It wasn’t until years later that he could admit that it was his pride that kept him from turning to Scripture. He wrote, â€Å"I was not in any state to be able to enter into that (its mysteries), or to bow my head to climb its steps. He goes on to say, â€Å"Puffed up with pride, I considered myself a mature adult. † The same pride that kept him from accepting the Bible, led him to Manichaeism. Augustine refers to the Manichees as earthly-minded men who are proud of their slick talk. So, looking back on his life, he could acknowledge that the Manichees could never have satisfied him because of their own pride. Augustine†™s argument on pride rests on the premise that human beings are defined by what we love and what we love determines not only what we do but who we become – speaking to our very identity. The human predicament, as Augustine sees it, is that our loves and our desires are disordered. In order to explain this further, Augustine often referenced the Genesis story of Adam and Eve. Although Adam and Eve were created in the image of God, they were not satisfied. They wanted to be like God, knowing good and evil. It was pride that motivated their rebellion against God and it was a disordered love that allowed them to put themselves before God despite the consequences. Their disobedience led to destruction – not only of themselves but also of everyone else. Accordingly, Adam and Eve’s disordered love disordered the loves of all their offspring and since the fall, all human beings have been born with disordered affections. To Augustine, it was no accident that the Bible records the pride of Adam and Eve as the cause of their fall from God’s grace. Augustine calls this disordered love amor sui, which is Latin for self-love. This love of self that he describes is willing to put the world at the center and source of everything. According to Augustine this primal form of sin is rightfully named pride, as it is a perverse and speci? kind of self-love that leads us to claim a place that rightly belongs to God alone. As we turn away from God, self-love becomes the guiding principle of our lives. He suggests that two cities are formed by two loves: the earthly by the love of self and the heavenly by the love of God, even to the contempt of self. In his book, The City of God, Augustine explores the opposition of these two loves. He writes that the members of the city of God are marked by the love of God, amor dei while the members of the earthly city are marked by self-love, amor sui. It is no surprise, then, that those absorbed in amor sui act according to what they love and the disorder of their loves is reflected in the disorder of their lives. We do what we love and disordered love disorders what we do. This is the primary theme that runs through Augustine’s confession. In his Confessions, Augustine reveals that his own life was absorbed by this self-love or pride. He shows how prior to his conversion, his life was directed by his own will and his own misguided judgments. When reading his confessions, we are made privy to Augustine’s struggles with self-love and his description of how it undermines his love of God. He is compelled to confess his excessively erotic relationships with women, his misdemeanors, and his lust for experiences that does not consider other people. Augustine was a slave to the objects of his own desires. He gives great detail about his erotic desires, suggesting that it was his desire to love and be love that dominated him. Once again, we recognize his notion of misdirected desires and love without restraints. Even as we read the confession of the theft of the pears in Book 2, it allows us to see how Augustine explains the idea of pride as the bottom-line of all sin. Augustine is quite concerned with this incident in which he and some friends stole pears from a neighborhood orchard. Augustine deeply regrets his sin, and offers a few brief insights as to how and why he committed them but what bothers him most is that he stole the pears out of sheer desire to do wrong. This story takes Augustine’s explanation of the nature of the sin of pride to a deeper level. It suggests that his actions simply represent a human perversion of his God-given goodness. In fact, what he sought to gain from stealing the pears and everything we desire when we sin turns out to be a twisted version of one of God’s attributes. In a very skillful way Augustine matches each sinful desire with a desire to be like God – demonstrating how pride seeks power that we do not and cannot possess because it belongs to God alone. The creature can never attain the same level as the creator even though pride allows us to think the contrary. Augustine also argues that each sin consists of a love for the lesser good rather than a preference for God. Such delight in the created over the creator reflects a turning from God and a turning to love of self. Augustine’s own disordered desires give us an awareness of not only the individual but also the social nature of pride or sin. For Augustine, pride is a disorder that affects us not only personally but also communally. This is why our existence becomes consumed by the need for power. We seek after this power through a series of desires that are incomplete and therefore will never satisfy. How then is pride the root of all sin? Augustine would say our lives were made for God and to want more than God is pride. God is enough and pride causes us to forsake God and to seek after disordered desires to fulfill our self-love. According to Augustine, â€Å"The soul fornicates when it turns away from you and seeks outside of you the pure and clear intentions which are not to be found except returning to you. † We sin, then, by loving the inferior aspects of ourselves, or by loving ourselves to such excess that we claim God’s place, and in the process we pervert what love truly is. True love, as Augustine sees it, does not seek out personal advantages. For Augustine, the solution is for human beings to seek humility for it is humility that transforms our lives. Where pride takes pleasure in replacing God’s power with our own desire for power, humility allows us to be satisfied with our God-given place in the universe. After Augustine spends his first 30 years searching, he comes to the conclusion that only a person with humility can follow Christ. As he says to God in his Confessions, â€Å"You sent him (Christ) so that from his example they should learn humility. Where pride was the mark of the Augustine’s years prior to his conversion experience in Milan, humility became a goal of the rest of his life. Bibliography Augustine, Confessions, translated by Henry Chadwick (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992) Augustine, The Enchiridion on Faith, Hope, and Love (Washington, D. C. : Regnery Publishing, 1966) Cardinal sin. Dictionary. com.  © Enc yclopedia Britannica, Inc.. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.. http://dictionary. reference. om/browse/cardinal sin  (accessed: February 21, 2013). Taylor, Richard. Ethics, Faith, and Reason  (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1985) Wogaman, J. Philip, Introduction to Christian Ethics: A Historical Introduction, (Louisville, Westminster John Knox, 1993) ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Richard Taylor,  Ethics, Faith, and Reason. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall 1985), 98 [ 2 ]. Dictionary. com.  © Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.. http://dictionary. reference. om/browse/cardinal sin  (accessed: February 21, 2013). [ 3 ]. Augustine, The Enchiridion on Faith, Hope, and Love (Washington, D. C. : Regnery Publishing, 1966), [ 4 ]. Augustine, Confessions, translated by Henry Chadwick (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 40 [ 5 ]. Ibid. , 40 [ 6 ]. P hilip J. Wogaman, Introduction to Christian Ethics: A Historical Introduction, (Louisville, Westminster John Knox, 1993), 57. [ 7 ]. Augustine, Confessions, translated by Henry Chadwick (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 32. [ 8 ]. Ibid. , 219 How to cite Pride: Virtue or Vice, Essay examples

Cheetah Essay In English Example For Students

Cheetah Essay In English For my vertebrate animal I chose the Cheetah. The Cheetahor Acinonyx Jubatus is an endangered species. They wereonce found throughout Africa and Asia, but are now onlyscattered throughout Eastern Africa and a small region ofSouthwestern Africa. Cheetahs are threatened by increasingloss of habitat, decline in prey, and increased poaching forfur trade. The Cheetah has a tawny coarse coat with roundblack spots or tear stripes from the corner of the eyesdown to the sides of the nose. They are slender and longlegged, and their claws are non-retractable. They also havesmall heads with high set eyes and small ears. Cheetahsaverage 44 to 53 inches in length, with an additional taillength of 26 to 33 inches. The Cheetahs average weight is86 to 143 pounds. Male Cheetahs are slightly larger thanfemales. The Cheetahs flexible spine, oversized liver,enlarged heart, slender muscular body, and unique clawsmake it the swiftest hunter in Africa, and the fastest animalon land. A Cheetah can reach speeds of up to 60 mph. Inthe grassy plains and dense bush females live alone, exceptwhen raising cubs. Males live alone or with a small group ofbrothers from the same litter. Cheetahs hunt in late morningand early evening. They stalk their prey first, until they arewithin 40 to 90 feet before the chase begins. Chases lastfrom twenty seconds to one minute, and only about half aresuccessful. If the Cheetah does catch its prey it suffocates itby biting it underneath the throat. Then the carcass isdragged of to a safe place to be eaten. Cheetahs prey onanimals such as Gazelles, Wildebeest calves, impala, andother hoofed animals weighing up to 88 pounds. A Cheetahssexual maturity is reached in about 20 to 23 months. Matingcan occur any time of year. Gestation lasts 91 to 95 days. Litter size can be 1 to 8 cubs, but the average is 3. Cubs aresmokey gray in color with long wooly hair running along theirbacks. Cubs are moved around from one hiding place toanother every few days so they are not found by otheranimals. One third of cubs survive to adulthood. Cubs staywith their mother for approximately one year. Cheetahs liveup to 12 years in captivity, and it is unknown how long theysurvive in the wild.

The Yellow Wallpaper (1421 words) Essay Example For Students

The Yellow Wallpaper (1421 words) Essay The Yellow WallpaperThe Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story told from the first person point of view of a doctors wife who has nervous condition. The first person standpoint gives the reader access only to the womans thoughts, and thus, is limited. The limited viewpoint of this story helps the reader to experience a feeling of isolation, just as the wife feels throughout the story. The point of view is also limited in that the story takes places in the present, and as a result the wife has no benefit of hindsight, and is never able to actually see that the men in her life are part of the reason she never gets well. This paper will discuss how Gilmans choice of point of view helps communicate the central theme of the story- that women of the time were viewed as being subordinate to men. Also, the paper will discuss how ignoring oneself and ones desires is self-destructive, as seen throughout the story as the womans condition worsens while she is in isolation, in t he room with the yellow wallpaper, and her at the same time as her thoughts are being oppressed by her husband and brother. We will write a custom essay on The Yellow Wallpaper (1421 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the story, the narrator is forced to tell her story through a secret correspondence with the reader since her husband forbids her to write and would ?meet with heavy opposition? should he find her doing so (390). The womans secret correspondence with the reader is yet another example of the limited viewpoint, for no one else is ever around to comment or give their thoughts on what is occurring. The limited perspective the reader sees through her narration plays an essential role in helping the reader understand the theme by showing the womans place in the world. At the time the story was written, women were looked down upon as being subservient beings compared to men. No matter what a woman did or thought, she was still seen as the lesser of the sexes. Like the narrator, women of that time were directed to suppress their creativity as it threatened the dominating males sense of control. By having the narrator be forced to write in secret, There comes John, and I must put this awa y he hates to have me write a word, Gilman was able to show that even the simplest things, like wanting to write were forbidden, lest the male approved (392). Prohibited from working and not being able to contribute to the household as a proper wife, the narrator begins to feel helpless: So I? am absolutely forbidden to ?work until I am well again. Personally, I disagree with their ideas (390). The narrators husband and brother both exert their own will over hers, forcing her to do what they think is the appropriate behavior for a sick woman. She has been given a schedule prescription for each hour in the day; takes all care from me (391). The way that she is required to act involves practically no exertion of her own free-will. Instead, she is expected to obediently accept the fact that her own ideas are mere fancy, and only the opinions of the men in her life can be trusted. The fact that she is not allowed to think for herself is narrowing the extent of her authority in her lif e and of her autonomy. With no creative outlet her mind starts to find things upon which to dwell, things that only she can see. Virtually imprisoned in her bedroom, supposedly to allow her to rest and recover, she slowly starts to go insane. Without compassion or an outlet for her creativity, her mind turns inward and focuses on her now increasingly shrinking universe. She has no say in the location or the decor of her room: I dont like our room a bit. . . But John would not hear of it (391). She is not allowed visitors: It is so discouraging not to have any advice and companionship . . . but he says he would as soon put fireworks in my pillow-case as to let me have those stimulating people about now (393). In large part because of this oppression, that John offhandedly bestows, both her mental and physical conditions continue to decline. I dont feel as if it was worthwhile to turn my hand over for anything and Im getting dreadfully fretful and querulous (394). But by keeping her a prisoner in a room with offensive wallpaper and very little to occupy her mind, John almost forces her to dwell on her psyche. Prison is supposed to be depressing, and she is pretty close to being a prisoner. The story does hint to the fact that John knows he could have done more but simply does not seem to want to be bothered with the effort of such an endeavor for his wife. He never acknowledges that she has a real problem until the end of the story- at which time he fainted. Perhaps, if she had been allowed to come and go, and do as she pleased her depression might have lifted: I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me (393). It seems to her that just being able to tell someone how she really feels would have eased her depression, but her husband would not hear of it because of the embarrassing consequences it could bring to the family name. Thus, John has made her a prisoner in their marriage where her opinions are pushed aside, and her self-worthiness questioned. It is her inner conflict however, that is the predominant reason that she goes crazy. Blaming John and his actions toward her, is just a simple excuse for her inability to get well. She does not want to admit to herself, that perhaps, John doesnt know what the right treatment for someone in her condition is, and the fact that she never inquires upon the treatment John prescribes, further proves the deterioration of her psyche. .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .postImageUrl , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:hover , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:visited , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:active { border:0!important; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:active , .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68 .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u923215266452960e085207443022eb68:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Environmental Ethics EssayNever do we observe any of the other characters points of view. Gilman purposely does this so that the reader is called to rely solely upon the woman, even when her mental condition worsens. The narrator is required to seek and receive advice from those around her instead of making up her own mind, since she is not given the opportunity to interact with anyone aside from those who restrict her. This further contributes to the central theme in that it shows that woman clearly cannot think for herself and must rely on others opinions of how she should conduct herself. John wished for the woman to simply ignore her own thoughts and to whatever he ask ed of her. It was impossible for her to do this and survive, since ignoring oneself is obviously self-destructive. Gilman shows through the diary type format of the story, a sort of desperation of the narrator. Gilman wants the reader to see just how oppressed the woman truly is and how her mental condition deteriorates, by allowing the reader to see what she is thinking. Her assertion at the conclusion of the story that I have got out at last is ironic, because although she now has the opportunity to physically get out of the prison-like room and try the cure that she prescribed for herself, she chooses to ignore it (401). She has become a complete burden to John, though her original goal was to become such a help to John (392). She has discovered the one place where she can have supreme control, and nothing will challenge her, apart from her own mind. But she has zero capability left to even interact normally with the outer physical world, and so it is although she isnt even there . Throughout the story, the reader is called to trust the narrator although it is clear she is going crazy, for she is the only telling the story. Gilman is able to develop the theme through this characters point of view by showing that the narrator has no choice in the world in which she lives she must obey the men in her life above all else. If Gilman chose any other perspective, the story would not have been able to portray the womans oppression as well, because the reader would not have been able to see into her mind as it slipped away well into insanity. English Essays

Somme essays

Somme essays Conflicts occur everywhere in the world. The war in Iraq is one example of conflict between the people of Iraq and Americans. Many innocent lives are lost. World War One is a very big conflict between the countries of Europe. There are many battles of World War One. A very important battle is the Battle of Somme. In this battle, there are goals of the Entente, roles for Canadians, a few events, and a lesson for the Germans, French, and British. During the Battle of Somme, there are many goals and objectives of the Canadian and Allied troops. In 1916, the Germans fight hard with the French at Verdun. To take the pressure off Verdun, Sir Douglas Haig, the new British commander, wants to destroy the German lines. Somme is chosen for the joint French and British assault. The secondary aim is to gain more territory. In order to achieve the goals of the Allied troops, Haig decides for an eight day preliminary bombardment that he thinks will completely destroy the German forward defences. (Simkin) Sir Douglas Haigs strategy is to exhaust the Germans, so he continues to attack, expecting to achieve possession of the German front lines. After the capture of the German lines, the British plan to break the German line in two. Although Haig is sure that his plan will work, the battles of the Allied and Canadian troops are poorly planned, therefore, they are unsuccessful in attaining their objectives. Canada has a big role in the Battle of Somme. The 1st Newfoundland Regiment is one of the four battalions of the 29th British Divisions 88th Brigade. The Newfoundland Regiment arrives in the France line on April 22, 1916. The regiment is given a role with the second attacking wave, since the first wave fails. On July 1, 1916, the soldiers walk across No Mans Land carrying backpacks weighing about thirty kilograms. They are also told to go through a gap in the barbed wire. The ...

Discuss the different eras of resistance kinship relationships to Essay

Discuss the different eras of resistance kinship relationships to Aboriginal people - Essay Example Aboriginals are more found in Australia, India, Africa etc. they are different in the patterns of dressing, adoring, intake of food and medicinal practices. They have been different in various eras like primitive society, agricultural society, industrial society and post modern society. Kinship is the main objective of the sociologists since it is the basic factor in the organization of the society. They focus on the history of kinship irrespective of nation, state and geographical area. â€Å"Kinship systems establish relationships between individuals and groups on the model of biological relationships between parents and children, between siblings, and between marital partners.† (Kinship: a dictionary of sociology, 1998). But some theorists are on the view that the relationship between wife and husband through which they are related by marriage do not include in the category of kinship. They tell that this relationship is called as affinal relationship. But some other theorists say that the biological relationship is not necessary to determine kinship because some children have social father who takes the responsibility of them and therefore kinship must be established on account of social fathers. When we think about kinship the entire influential factors must be considered like the way of relationship, cultural and political background, economic status etc. There are two theories which emerged in the second half of the twentieth century and they are alliance theory and descent theory. Descent theory stresses that the role of kinship system is to understand political entities of the lineage group in the history. When descent theory gives more importance on the descent and succession, alliance theory emphasizes on the marriage. â€Å"Ernest L Schusky has given the following types of kinship.† (Joshi 1999, p.109). First type of kinship is consanguineal kinship which means the relation by blood like parent child

Auditing Theory and Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Auditing Theory and Practice - Essay Example They also provide details of safeguards against them. If only threats to the ethics are explained and solutions to them are not given to auditors, then they will get frustrated in complying with the regulations. Safeguards are auditor friendly in the sense they provide them different course of actions in case of non-compliance. This helps the auditors to protect their commercial interest (Miettinen, 2008). The objective of the international auditing standards is to standardize the audit procedures on a global basis. This is as per the need of the time because multi-nationals are expanding. The concept of trans-national auditing has also increased. The International Auditing and Assurance Board have presented more than 25 Auditing standards. The standards cover the topic from the stage of selection of the audit client to the stage of the issuance of the Audit report. The standards cover risks and procedures to identify them. Now, IAASB has presented more clarified auditing standards. The standards provide their objectives, the requirement to fulfill the objective and application material to enhance the understanding of the users. IAASB calls for feedback from different accounting bodies, which enhance the acceptability and usage of the standards. The Standards setting body have discussed the factors of quality audit. Each factor that contributes to quality is then explained in much depth. For example, if the staff’s quality is of importance to the audit quality then the quality of the competent staff is explained further. Although, the framework does not provide an exhaustive checklist of factors, but it facilitates auditors to a reasonable extent. The professional bodies have enacted a system of audits of the audit firms for the audits they have conducted. The firms are then rated for their quality. High rating makes it more probable for the audit firms to be selected by huge clients. Such audits of

Role Of Climate In The Classic Maya Collapse History Essay

Role Of Climate In The Classic Maya Collapse History Essay In this paper, the impacts of climate change on the Maya will be examined. It is likely that a number of factors combined to produce the collapse for which the civilisation is well known. With this in mind, the extent to which climate itself played a role will be particularly looked into. Defining the Collapse Before the role of climate can be looked into, it first needs to be established what the Maya collapse actually was. Popular media has often portrayed the collapse as something that happened simultaneously across the Mayan region, resulting in the abrupt and complete destruction of the entire Mayan civilisation. However this was not the case. The collapse mainly refers to the drastic decline of the cities of the southern Maya Lowlands. Many of these cities had been extremely powerful in the Classic period (AD 250-900), the so called pinnacle of Mayan civilisation, and had dominated the entire Maya region (Sharer and Traxler 2006: 287). It is the fall of these city states that defines the Terminal Classic (AD 790-900), but this period also saw many sites, particularly in the north and east, continue to flourish and in some cases even grow, supporting large populations into the Postclassic (AD 900- c.1542) long after the collapse. Sharer and Traxler therefore define the collapse as a p rocess of transformation that saw the end of Classic states and the rise of new states that dominated the Postclassic period (2006: 503). Identifying the Collapse It has been seen that the collapse of Classic Maya sites was focussed within the southern Maya Lowlands, but what were the changes in the archaeological record that signal collapse in this region? A major factor suggesting collapse was the decrease in the number of carved stone stelae and altars dedicated over the course of the 9th century, with the last known dated stela having been erected at Tonina in AD 909. The cessation of erecting monuments varied between sites, with inscribed stelae ceasing at Dos Pilas as early as AD 760 and Tikal at AD 889, suggesting that the collapse was not a sudden, simultaneous event, but was an ongoing process that affected different cities at different times; although ultimately the outcome was the same (Chase and Chase 2006: 169). Drastic depopulation of the region is also identifiable. This can be seen in a decline of domestic activity in palaces and common houses alike. The cities of Tikal, Calakmul, Copan and Palenque, among others, had reached peak population in the Late Classic and so their subsequent decline is particularly noticeable (Sharer and Traxler 2006: 500). There have been various estimates as to the maximum population of the southern and central Lowlands during the Classic period, ranging from 3 to 14 million people, but it is seemingly agreed that this had dropped to around only 1 million by the start of the Postclassic. This suggests a depopulation rate in the range of 53-90%, a level unprecedented prior to European arrival in the New World (Gill 2000: 351). So although limited to the Maya Lowlands, the collapse was a significant event, leaving once powerful cities deserted within the space of 150 years. What made the Mayan civilisation different from others that suffered a drastic collapse was that it was not a single, unified society, but was instead a collection of individual city states and their hinterlands, each controlled by a king. This would seem to suggest that there must have been external pressures that, at the very least, triggered and compounded existing problems within these city states, rather than internal problems that somehow all resulted in collapse. So what had caused these once great cities to be abandoned? Causes of the Collapse Many different arguments have been put forward to explain the Maya collapse. In the past a single cause had been sought, and natural disasters such as earthquakes or hurricanes were considered. It is now generally agreed however, that there was likely no single cause, but an interplay of factors (McNeil et al. 2010: 1017). For the purpose of this paper however I shall focus on drought and warfare, which are two of the most commonly debated theories. Drought Fluctuation in rainfall was common to the Maya area and there was precedent for drought, although evidence suggests that the Classic droughts lasted longer and were more intense than any previously experienced by the Maya (Gill et al. 2007). Lake sediment cores from Lake Chichancanab in the Eastern Yucatan Peninsula show that there was a period of drought lasting around 150-200 years, with three peak phases of severe drought within this. This is supported by evidence from marine sediments of the Cariaco Basin off the coast of Venezuela, which show that, in this particular region, the drought lasted from AD 760-930. Four periods of intense drought are identifiable from these samples, centring on the years AD760, 810, 860 and 910 (Gill et al. 2007). The correlation between the periods of severe drought and the collapse of Classic Maya civilisation in the Lowlands, surely suggests it had a critical impact on those polities, such as Tikal, Calakmul, Naranjo and Palenque, that were not we ll served by rivers. Lucero suggests that the Classic Maya elite based their power on the control of water. Many of the regional centres of the Maya Lowlands did not have access to natural water sources and relied on artificial reservoirs which were under the control of the rulers. As a result they were dependent on seasonal rainfall for water, and Maya royalty would have also used their special connections to the gods, specifically Chac the rain god, to guarantee enough water through rituals and ceremonies. It was upon this basis that Maya rulers exacted tribute and labour from their subjects (Lucero 2002). Decreasing rainfall and long term drought would have undermined the foundation on which the Mayan elite drew their power, resulting in political collapse. The diminishing power of the elite can be seen archaeologically through a reduction in the manufacture and distribution of prestige and ritual goods at many centres during the Terminal Classic (Sharer and Traxler 2006: 499-500). The production of p olychrome pottery and ornately carved items of jade, wood, bone and shell, was controlled by the elite and used to reinforce status (Demarest 2004: 213). The increasing absence of such items in the archaeological record therefore suggests rulers no longer had the same level of support from their subjects. Their power was waning, as also reflected in fewer dynastic stelae, used to legitimise power, and the end of monumental construction projects such as ball courts, temples and causeways. The decline of the elite and, as a result, centralised political organisation was a major feature of the Mayan collapse. It is Luceros argument that drought was the main reason behind this. It was only able to inflict such damaging change because water control was inherent to the institution of Kingship within Mayan society. Drought would have also had the obvious consequences of a lack of drinking water and severe decrease in agricultural production. Warfare Conversely it has also been suggested that rather than drought, it was endemic warfare and competition amongst the various city states that led to the weaker polities being overpowered, causing the breakdown of dynastic power in these defeated polities. The cities of the Petexbatun region of present day Guatemala, in particular, are argued to have collapsed while trapped in a state of siege and fortification warfare (Demarest et al. 1997). This constant state of war is believed to have destabilised the political and economic structures, resulting in political devolution and eventual failure in the early 9th century. Interestingly the Petexbatun region had good river access, making it unlikely that drought was a major factor in the collapse of this area (Sharer and Traxler 2006: 515-17). It is on this basis that Demarest disputes an ecological model, pointing out that political disintegration had already begun in the Petexbatun by the time drought occurred, the last inscription at the earliest known city to fall, Dos Pilas, dated to AD760 (Demarest cited in McKillop 2004: 99). Zooarchaeological evidence from this region also suggests there was no danger of famine, or nutritional stress through protein deficiency, in the Classic or Terminal Classic (Emery cited in Demarest 2006: 105). The violence prevalent in this region was seemingly independent of an environmental impetus. Common Ground? There is a convincing amount of evidence in support of each of both drought and warfare, suggesting that they both likely played some role. The nature of Maya society however, being a collection of city states, means that evidence of warfare in one region, for instance, does not necessarily mean that it can be inferred elsewhere. As mentioned, it was in the cities of the Petexbatun where evidence shows endemic violence caused the abandonment of the region. It has often been the mistake to imply that this then must surely have been the cause for collapse across the entire Maya lowlands, or at least present in a wider area, but the evidence does not support this. The same goes for drought. Although this may have been noticeable over much of the Maya lowlands, the affects were surely most closely felt by those cities without access to natural water sources and dependent on rainfall for agriculture. Instead the evidence appears to suggest that different regions likely had a different trigger cause or combination of causes (Sharer and Traxler 2006: 514). It seems hard to believe that such catastrophic events could have occurred within a similar timeframe, yet independently of each other, but have the same result. This does suggest however that Mayan civilisation had reached a point where it was extremely vulnerable to the slightest variation, with location playing a large part in deciding the factor that would tip a particular city over the edge, towards collapse. Manmade or Natural Occurrence? Drought appears to have played a relatively large, although joint, role in the collapse of the Classic Mayan civilisation. But was this environmental change anthropogenic or a natural occurrence? The answer to this relates closely to the argument over the level of deforestation carried out by the Maya. It has long been argued by many of those supporting the theory that drought was at least in part responsible for the Maya collapse, that the Maya themselves were to blame for the environmental degradation, due to deforestation. Shaw believes that the varying fate of the different city states during the Terminal Classic was a result of the level of deforestation in their particular region. She argues that, as deforestation raises temperatures and decreases evapotranspiration at a local or regional level only, the varying extent of tree removal explains the irregularity that the North and East of the Yucatan Peninsula continued to support a thriving population, while the heartland collapsed under severe drought (Shaw 2003). Studies into 20th century droughts in the United States and Mexico, however, show that over large areas they are hardly ever uniform, and so it is actually normal for certain areas to be affected more, or less at different times (Gill et al. 2007: 287). This provide s another explanation for the asymmetrical effects of drought in the Maya area, disputing the idea that deforestation was responsible for the irregularities. The Maya would have cleared sections of forest to make room for farming and agriculture. Wood was also used as domestic fuel, and was needed for the high temperature fires used to make lime mortar from limestone, a key component in Maya construction (Demarest 2004: 145). That the Maya made use of their forest environment is therefore known, but it is Shaws argument that they exploited it through conscious overuse (Shaw 2003). Diamond is another advocate of the deforestation model as a cause of collapse, arguing that deforestation would have made the soil much less fertile at a time when more agricultural land was needed, due to population pressure. He also agrees with Shaw that another of the consequences would have been manmade drought, and he uses the example of Copan, in present day Honduras, in particular (Diamond 2005: 168-70). That deforestation was widespread, and a human induced cause of drought, is a plausible theory, and in Copan, is supported by a core sample from Petapilla Swamp, a peat bog 4.5km north of the city itself (Rue 1987). Pollen retrieved from the core showed a much lower representation of tropical and deciduous forest trees than previously known, and less variation in the palynoflora. The cores showed no suggestion of significant climatic change from the palynological evidence, and led Rue to conclude that the vegetational changes were human induced through deforestation, with increased activity in the Late Classic (Rue 1987). New evidence has recently been put forward however, that disputes deforestation as the cause of environmental degradation. This new research particularly focuses on the polity of Copan where, as touched on above, it had previously been asserted that by AD800, not a single tree remained from the deciduous, or pine forest on the slope above the city (Abrams and Rue 1988, Diamond 2005: 169). McNeill et al. argue that Rues Petapilla Swamp core, upon which much of the deforestation theory has been based, only dates back to AD1010 with its oldest sediment, 100 years after Copans collapse (2010). Therefore it could not possibly have bearing on the Classic period population and their affect on the environment. The new data comes from another core from the same swamp, of which the earliest sediments this time date to 900-790 cal BC, providing data over a much longer range. It provided an interesting pollen profile, with the most pronounced deforestation apparent at the earliest stage of 900-7 90BC, with another later surge in the 5th century AD. Very much in contrast to the earlier core, it also shows an increase in arboreal pollen in the Late Classic, particularly that of pine. This data allowed McNeill et al. to surmise that: At the close of the citys Classic period, the hills above Copan were more densely forested than when the Maya first built their polity centre. (2010: 1021) This therefore suggests that rather than destroying their environment, the Maya were actually managing and cultivating it. Even though Copan was situated on a river, it received much less rainfall than other river centres at around 130 centimetres a year; so was likely at the mercy of changing rainfall patterns and drought. But if drought in this region was not caused by deforestation as the latest evidence suggests, then climate change was likely behind it. Palaeoclimatic records from North America, Europe and the Arctic indicate that the 9th and 10th centuries AD were as cold as during the Little Ice Age. Tree rings from the White Mountains of California show a steep decline in temperatures from AD790-950 and glacial advances in Alaska have been dated to AD700-900. In Sweden also, a number of glacial advances are known from this period, dated to AD800-910 (Gill 2000: 287-88, 385). Severe cold in the Northern Hemisphere can indicate a south-westward displacement of the North Atlantic High and a southward shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) which would have caused summer rains to fail in the Maya Lowlands. The failure of the ITCZ to move north in the summer at this time, is evidenced by a drop in sea surface salinity in a marine sediment core from the north-eastern Caribbean, coinciding with the period of collapse (AD 760-930) (Gill et al. 2007). As a result, all this evidence points to the climatic conditions as having been conducive of drought at the time of the Maya collapse. Avoidable Climate Change? It seems apparent that climate change was responsible for the drought that affected much of the Maya Lowlands. In some places this may have been exacerbated by deforestation, but on the whole it seems more likely that it was not anthropogenic. As discussed previously, drought was one of the main factors to influence and perhaps even trigger the Maya collapse in some regions. If the drought was not induced by human action or inaction, is it possible to learn from the mistakes of the Maya as Diamond asserts in his book? Diamond bases much, if not all, of his argument on the belief that the Maya had a choice, but their refusal to change led to their downfall. He more or less suggests that the Maya of Copan, which he uses as an example, stood back and watched as the last tree fell. But his argument is based on flawed evidence. This is easy to say with hindsight, in the light of recent publications, but he also ignored existing evidence, seemingly because it did not support his position. He comments: Maya kings sought to outdo each other with more and more impressive temples, covered with thicker and thicker plaster- reminiscent in turn of the extravagant conspicuous consumption by modern American CEOs. (Diamond 2005: 177) As previously mentioned, lime plaster required extreme heat to create and for this reason much wood was required in its production. If deforestation was causing problems for their society, which is now believed to be false in any case, then to continue to create vast quantities of plaster for nothing but aesthetic reasons would have been ignorant and stupid. This is seemingly what Diamond is suggesting, despite research published in 1996 that showed that sculptures dating to the Late Classic at Copan used much thinner layers of plaster than those of an earlier date. Implying the Maya were taking measures to prevent unnecessary tree loss (Fash and Fash 1996). Diamond focuses on the implications for our present society, which is a good reason for studying past collapse, but he seems to oversimplify the problems of the Maya. Under the heading The Maya Message he identifies the various strands that he believes led to the collapse, but in a way that makes it seem like they are a checklist to avoid if we do not want our present society to fail. He does not give the Maya any credit for having attempted to change their society in any way. But he would likely not have wished to do so; acknowledging that the Maya understood the precarious ecological situation they found themselves in and made attempts to counter this, but still failed, does not bode well for our current society, where short term benefit, at seemingly any cost, is most often preferred over long term solutions. Conclusion To come to the conclusion that the Maya did not shape their own downfall, in as much they did not create drought through deforestation, apparently leaves the almost equally unwelcoming alternative that borders on environmental determinism. This argument implies that the Lowlands were not conducive to complex and advanced civilisation; the Mayan cities were destined to collapse, it was an inevitable event that could only be put off not overcome. I feel there is, however, a middle ground between the two. I would agree that the drought was likely not the result of the Maya being irresponsible and overusing their natural resources. On the contrary it seems more likely that the Maya, at least at Copan, had become well adapted to their environment and were using it sustainably. They were at their peak florescence in the Classic period, when both environmental and climatic conditions were relatively constant. As a result of this stability though, they were increasingly becoming part of a ri gidity trap, mastering their environment of relatively low level, but predictable rainfall by growing water-efficient maize, and utilising reservoirs in order to build cities on fertile land far from a permanent water source. They had made themselves highly vulnerable to drought and in the terminal classic were faced with the worst droughts the region had seen for 7000 years. It was not the carrying capacity of the region however, but the nature of Mayan society that reduced their ability to change, as it must also be remembered that warfare was as important a cause of the collapse as drought in some regions. Although the Maya showed some adaptability at Copan in maintaining the forest, factors other than land use were much harder to change. Another society without a ruling system based on the control of water for example, would perhaps have fared better in the same circumstances, as drought would likely not have brought down their political system as easily. But this method of control was inherent to Mayan society, allowing for such things as monumental construction and the exacting of tribute. The Maya way of life had evolved to meet their circumstances and their environment, but in the end they had become fixed in these ways and were unable to modify their society enough when their situation changed. Even if the elite had foreseen drought and wished to change the basis of their power, it is unlikely they could have even done so without collapse remaining the end result; it was such a fundamental component of their society. It can therefore be seen that the Maya collapse was an extremely complex event that was the result of multiple factors, of which warfare and drought were dominant. In an attempt to focus more on the role of climate, I have neglected some of the other factors such as weakening economy through loss of trade and overpopulation among others, but have attempted to emphasize the multi faceted nature of the collapse in the hope of avoiding oversimplification. Climate change and the resulting drought played a large, albeit joint role in the collapse of the Lowland Classic Maya. A long period of relative stability had made the Maya culture fragile and inflexible, so that when faced by changes to this constancy, a precarious balance between the various elements of their society was revealed; ultimately they proved unsuccessful in maintaining this in a time of stress.

Thesis Title

How to Make a Good Thesis Title A thesis title is the first thing a reader will encounter upon picking up your paper. It should provide a concise view of the topic your paper will address, as well as give a sense of what angle you are approaching the issue from. Titles will need to be crafted very carefully and might change many times over the course of writing a thesis paper, as the focus of your writing shifts and you tease out different nuances of the subject.Give yourself a chance to make a positive first impression with your title by making it descriptive representative of your overall work. Instructions: 1. Your thesis title most importantly should not be a bland statement on the topic your paper covers, no matter how specific. Thesis titles should generally be as carefully worded as the arguments and researched contained in your paper. Make an effort to come up with multiple possible titles that reflect your work. 2. Make sure you have the exact format required for your work o r assignment.The most basic format for a thesis title includes a shorter main title that generally describes the work and a longer subtitle that explains the finer details of your research; these are often separated by a colon. If the guidelines for your thesis call for the title to be organized differently, follow them as closely as possible. 3. Conduct a survey using your possible titles to determine which one is the best. Present your classmates and teachers with a short list of your three favorite titles and ask them which appeals to them most.Once you have a clear choice, go back through your paper to make sure that your title is consistent with the tone and point of view of your thesis. 4. If your paper deals specifically with a time period, make sure to mention this in the title. Include the dates or years at the end of the subtitle, following a colon. As an example, if your thesis addressed the last years of World War II, your title might read â€Å"Ending the Conflict: War fare in Central Europe, 1943-1945. † Tips & Warnings †¢Look through professional journals and college essays to see which titles rab your attention while still giving you a good idea of what to expect in the paper. †¢Do not attempt to write a thesis title before you have at least a rough outline of what the body of your paper is about. A thesis that is not targeted to the information in your work will leave the reader confused as to what your paper is about. In addition, do not simply write a dry description of your essay and assume it will work as a title. Titles should be informative, but including a bit of humor or levity (depending on the subject) can help your paper's appeal expand.

Han Dynasty Women

Finally , they gained control over their own lives by maintaining propriety and the rules Of society. In order to better understand the role of women during the Han Dynasty, it is first important to understand the context of the society in which they lived. The Ha n Dynasty was a time of great growth and development for Chinese history. Much of society w as dictated by Confucian ideals, including the way the people related to each other. Confucius g's five relationships dictated the way that people related to each other, including the ay that women were expected to interact with people in their life.Confucianism also influence De the ideals the society tried to achieve, such as filial piety and virtue. Ritual and tradition was important to the higher society. This time period is characterized by it's Confucius nature, and t his helps to explain the position of women in regards to the rest of society. First, women were expected to be respectful and submissive to their husband s, but t his respect was returned in the respect each person was expected to have toward their mother. The five relationships of Confucius dictated that a woman submit to their husband .This meant that in all things, the wife should put her husband first. It was not acceptable to be a anything but loyal to his decisions and his condition. For example, Lie Hissing, a Han century biogas peer, wrote a short biography Of the Widowed Wife Of Wee.

What Makes Up A Good Fiction Story In A Fiction Short

What makes up a good fiction story? In a fiction short story the reader wants to be drawn in and connect with the story being told. As the reader we are looking for action, anticipation, or even go on an adventure with characters throughout the story. We also want to be able to bond with these characters so that it feels as if we are experiencing their journey or struggles with them, even if it is fictional. According to Joseph Kelly’s introduction to his textbook, The Seagull Reader: Stories, his definition of what makes a short story, this is what a good fictional story should be made up of, and the crucial elements that need to exist for all of this to happen. Such as, point of view, characters, plot, setting, and symbolism etc. After†¦show more content†¦It is now done. All else is as nothing. I have found my quest. The old curse is broken. I can rejoin her. What matter about her inanimate shell so long as her spirit is awaiting me at the other side of the veil! ( Doyle 472). This shows that Sosra can be portrayed as a madman but all he ultimately wants his to be with his love. This truly shows what passion he has to finally find out the remedy to reverse what he has done and rest in piece with the one he loves. This is a great example of his true character. Setting in a short story is where the events and actions take place. But it is sometimes beyond just the time and the place for where the story is being told. For example, as a reader the setting can also establish atmosphere and the mood, which helps us feel and relate a little bit more with what is happening and the characters. â€Å"Setting might also serve as a window into the emotional state of a character, this technique is called projection† (Kelly xxii). Because of the type of setting a character is in can effect the way they feel for example in The Ring of Thoth John falls asleep in a far corner in the Museum after a long day. But when he woke up the mood and atmosphere was completely different for that the Museum was now closed. And all of a sudden the mood changed because he saw a light in the distance coming closer. This added a suspenseful moment to the story and the mood of the setting had changed. â€Å"TheShow MoreRelatedLiterary Fiction Analysis1102 Words   |  5 Pagesworld of literature, fiction is often used to portray an entertaining story of a story they have a greater meaning to itself. There are two types of fiction Each of these stories falls on, which are commercial fiction, use to entertain us, as it tends to contain a setting that is easy to understand and a plot that is very distinct. This type of fiction is merely for enjoyment and doesnt have any deeper meaning to the story. 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